Victims' reparations, a long-running administrative response to conflict

• 4G road concessions, a national infrastructure portfolio

  By September 2024, Colombia's 4G road programme comprised 30 concessions at 86.99% aggregate progress, with 14 in operation, 13 under construction, two in pre-construction and one in early termination.

• SECOP II, a transaction platform for public procurement

  Since March 2015, Colombia Compra Eficiente has used SECOP II to move public contracting from publication to online transactions; in 2024 the platform managed COP117.642 trillion, 84.4% of the value managed across the three SECOP platforms.

• Cédula digital, an identity service upgraded for mobile use

  In 2024 Colombia's Registraduría deployed version 2.0 of its digital ID app and sent 2,642,775 polycarbonate digital identity cards to offices nationwide while continuing a pilot to refine digital services.

• Fondo Adaptación, recovery and safer resettlement after La Niña

  After the 2010–11 La Niña floods, Colombia's Fondo Adaptación had advanced resettlement, reconstruction and improvement for more than 39,000 households by its 2021–23 evaluation, presenting the work as reducing climate exposure and fiscal risk.

• Reficar, a refinery modernization with a fiscal-liability finding

  A 2021 Contraloría fiscal-responsibility ruling on Colombia's Reficar modernization held COP2.945 trillion in damage after finding USD997 million in additional investments that added no value to the project.

Every delivery from Colombia

• Plano Real, the 1994 currency stabilisation

  Brazil ended four decades of high inflation with a staged currency reform, taking annual consumer price inflation from 2,075.9 percent in 1994 to 3.2 percent in 1998.

• Proalcool, the fuel substitution after the oil shock

  Brazil answered the 1973 oil shock by mandating ethanol blending and building a national fuel alcohol industry, taking production from 580 thousand cubic metres in 1975 to 38,199 in 2025, and from 2003 flex-fuel engines moved the choice to the driver.

• The Convertibility Plan, and its collapse

  Argentina ended hyperinflation by fixing the peso to the dollar by law in April 1991, taking annual inflation from 4,923 percent in 1989 to 3.9 percent in 1994, and the regime held until it collapsed in the 2001-2002 crisis.

• Kurzarbeit in the 2008-2009 crisis

  Germany answered the 2008-2009 collapse in manufacturing orders by paying firms to cut hours instead of jobs, and short-time work covered 1.44 million workers at the May 2009 peak, about 5 percent of insured employment, while unemployment barely rose.

• The 2001 stabilisation, and its unwinding

  Turkey answered its 2001 banking collapse with central bank independence, bank restructuring and fiscal rule, taking inflation from 54.4 percent in 2001 to 8.6 percent in 2004, and after 2018 the same framework was overridden until inflation reached 72.3 percent in 2022.

• Telebras, the telecom system that was dismantled

  Created in 1972, Telebras coordinated Brazil's state telecom system until its 1998 privatisation, when 54 concessionaires were split out and the state moved from operating the network to regulating and universalising service.

• Estonian Defence League, national defence rebuilt after independence

  The Estonian Defence League was re-established in February 1990, before the country regained independence, and operates as a voluntary national defence organisation under the Ministry of Defence with territorial units and its own training structure.

• Korea Internet and Security Agency, a consolidated digital authority

  Korea established the Korea Internet and Security Agency in July 2009 by integrating three predecessor organisations, giving the country one public body for internet development, security and international information technology cooperation.

• Childcare benefits administration, and the recovery after institutional failure

  The Netherlands' tax administration put tens of thousands of childcare-benefits parents into debt between 2004 and 2019; by February 2026 the recovery operation had recognized more than 43,000 parents as harmed among about 69,000 applicants and guaranteed each recognized parent at least €30,000.

• National Police, one corps from twenty-five regional forces

  On 1 January 2013 the Netherlands merged 25 autonomous regional police corps and the national KLPD into one organisation with ten regional units, a national unit and a shared Police Services Centre, centralising specialist capacity while retaining local teams.

• DigiD Machtigen, delegated access to public services

  The Netherlands built delegated authority into its public-service login so a family member, carer or adviser can act for someone else without taking their password; in 2024 DigiD Machtigen handled 15,563,897 queries from 798 connected services at 99.84 percent availability against a 99.5 percent norm.

• DigiNotar, a certificate breach that forced a trust-chain reset

  The Netherlands ended DigiNotar's PKIoverheid service after the 2011 breach generated at least 531 forged certificates; 333 could be revoked and the government tightened certificate requirements, role division and supervision after the incident.

• Programmatic Approach to Nitrogen, and the permitting reversal

  The Netherlands operated the Programmatic Approach to Nitrogen (PAS) from July 2015 until the Council of State invalidated its legal basis in May 2019; by the end of 2023, 2,557 affected PAS reporters had sought permits and only 115 had a recorded solution.

• My Number Card, a national identity rail extended into services

  By July 2024 Japan reported 93.08 million My Number Cards held, about 75% of the population; 73.71 million had valid health-insurance-card registrations in June 2024, while 566 businesses used the public-key identity infrastructure.

• Juntos, a conditional-transfer system at national scale

  Peru's Juntos conditional cash-transfer programme, created in 2005 and placed under MIDIS in 2012, operated in 1,885 districts and benefited 793,623 households by August 2024 through SISFOH-targeted support.

• Certified digital signature across public services

  Costa Rica's MICITT reported in October 2023 that more than 60 public institutions used certified digital signatures across more than 100 citizen services, with almost 75,000 certificates issued during that year.

• REDCUDI childcare network and SINIRUBE referrals

  Costa Rica's IMAS reported that its national Childcare and Early Development benefit reached 25,704 children in 2024 with an investment of ₡13.2 billion, while interinstitutional referrals used SINIRUBE to match eligible families to available places.

• Dollarization as an emergency monetary redesign

  Ecuador adopted the US dollar as legal tender in January 2000 during a banking and currency crisis; a Central Bank review reports inflation falling from 96.1% in 2000 to below 8% in 2003 while the new regime removed the exchange-rate tool.

• 120 a los 65 social pension

  Panama's 120 a los 65 programme paid a non-contributory pension to an average of about 123,000 older people per payment during July 2019–June 2024, with B/.890.835 million programmed over the period and a national beneficiary register used to target eligibility.

• Bono Juana Azurduy maternal and child health transfer

  Bolivia's Bono Juana Azurduy opened its 2024 payment round through 47 authorised financial institutions in all 340 municipalities and six Indigenous territories, tying the transfer to prenatal, delivery and early-childhood health checks; the programme reported 1,525,566 pregnant women and 1,783,936 children reached between 2009 and 2023.

• Renta Dignidad non-contributory old-age pension

  Bolivia's Renta Dignidad, created by Law 3791 in 2007 and paid since 2008, reached 1,241,440 beneficiaries in 2024 with Bs5.289 billion disbursed through the national social-security administration.

• Tekoporã Mbarete family-support programme

  Paraguay's Tekoporã Mbarete social-protection programme protected more than 175,000 families nationwide in 2024, paid monthly after a 2023 redesign and reported 95% bankarisation plus georeferencing of 11,316 participating homes.

• SIFEN national electronic invoicing rollout

  Paraguay's tax administration approved 651,894,711 electronic tax documents during 2024 and reported 6,659 electronic billers using the SIFEN system, combining mandatory onboarding for larger firms with the free e-Kuatia'i route for small taxpayers.

• Asignación Universal por Hijo child benefit

  Argentina's Asignación Universal por Hijo (AUH) reached 4,083,987 children and adolescents in June 2024, with 2,324,716 adult titulars receiving the benefit through the national social-security administration and its health, vaccination and education conditions.

• SUBE national electronic fare and subsidy rail

  Argentina's SUBE system distributed more than five million cards and recorded about 6.7 million new cards in 2024, while expanding the network to more than 30,000 recharge points and making SUBE Digital available in every locality.

• PhilSys foundational national ID rollout

  The Philippine Statistics Authority reported 90,017,565 people registered to PhilSys by 19 September 2024, or 97.8% of the year's 92 million registration target, with the ID designed for government and private-sector transactions.

• Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps)

  The Philippines' 4Ps conditional cash-transfer programme reached 4,064,354 households by 30 June 2024 across 41,746 barangays, 148 cities and 1,485 municipalities, with beneficiaries linked to health, education and nutrition conditions.

• Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional, a near-universal health-insurance pool

  Indonesia's Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) health-insurance system had 275,413,133 registered participants, 97.50% of the population, by 31 July 2024; 219,263,970 participants were active.

• VNeID national electronic identity

  Vietnam's Ministry of Public Security reported more than 70.2 million electronic-identification accounts issued by January 2024, with VNeID designed to replace paper documents and authenticate public and private services against the national population database.

• Vietnam Social Security health-insurance expansion

  Vietnam Social Security reported 95.523 million people enrolled in health insurance in 2024, covering 94.29% of the population and approaching the country's 95% universal-coverage target for 2025.

• MySejahtera and the national COVID-19 immunisation programme

  Malaysia's national COVID-19 immunisation programme had administered 57,119,777 doses by 31 December 2021, while the MySejahtera application was used to collect 974,134 adverse-event responses for vaccine safety monitoring.

• Universal Coverage Scheme and the 30-baht health system

  Thailand's National Health Security Office has sustained the tax-funded Universal Coverage Scheme since 2002; in fiscal 2023 it covered more than 47.2 million people and contracted 17,247 public and private health units to provide care.

• National Digital ID framework

  Thailand's Digital ID Framework aligned government and private identity providers around common standards in its 2022–2024 first phase; the Electronic Transactions Development Agency reports at least 113 million users across the major ThaiD, Tang Rat, Paotang and NDID platforms and services.

• Cl@ve shared digital identity

  Spain built Cl@ve as a common public-sector platform for identification, authentication and electronic signatures; the Spanish Tax Agency reported 20.867 million taxpayer identifiers enrolled in Cl@ve Móvil by 31 December 2024, including 12.323 million citizens active in the app.

• mObywatel digital ID wallet

  Poland made the mDowód digital identity document in the mObywatel app legally equivalent to the physical identity card inside Poland; the Ministry of Digital Affairs reports that eight million people use the document, which can also support PESEL blocking and other public-service interactions.

• Rodzina 500+ and 800+ child-benefit delivery

  Poland's ZUS-administered child-benefit system has paid support since 2016 and moved applications and payments online; by November 2023, the government reported nearly seven million children reached and almost PLN255 billion transferred, before the monthly benefit rose from 500 to 800 złoty in January 2024.

• BankID federated electronic identity

  Sweden's bank-issued BankID became a shared identity layer for public and private services: in 2024 it handled 7.6 billion identification or signature transactions for 8.6 million users across 7,500 connected services, with 99.99% availability.

• 1177 national health portal and helpline

  Sweden's regions and municipalities run the 1177 national health hub through Inera, combining a common website, logged-in care services and the nationwide nurse helpline; 1177.se recorded just over 260 million visits in 2021 and the telephone service answers more than five million calls per year.

• MyGovID single sign-on for public services

  Ireland built MyGovID as a reusable online identity for welfare, tax, transport, education and childcare services; the 2025 Digital Decade country report records more than 2.7 million verified accounts in December 2024, close to 65% of adults.

• National Asset Management Agency crisis workout

  Ireland created NAMA in response to the property and banking crisis, acquired distressed loans and worked them down through asset sales and development; by the end of 2023 it had generated €47.7 billion in cash and transferred more than €4.25 billion to the Exchequer while preparing an orderly wind-down.

• Salário mínimo and its permanent revaluation rule

  Brazil's Congress and president established a permanent annual valorização do salário mínimo in Law 14.663/2023, setting the national floor at R$1,320 from May 2023 and linking later adjustments to INPC inflation plus real GDP growth from two years earlier.

• eNaira, a national rollout with an adoption gap

  By June 2024, the Central Bank of Nigeria reported 28.46 million eNaira customers onboarded but only 197,041 active wallets, showing that the national CBDC rollout had not converted broad registration into sustained use.

• Bitcoin Law, and its 2025 rollback

  El Salvador's 2025 reform made private-sector Bitcoin acceptance voluntary, limited the law to private participation and repealed Articles 4, 8 and 9 of the 2021 Bitcoin Law.

• Chave Móvel Digital and Portugal's digital identity layer

  Portugal's digital-government platform reported 4.4 million active Chave Móvel Digital credentials and 141 million authentications by 23 October 2025, with 490 entities using Autenticação.gov.

Every delivery under adaptability