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Documented examples

Each record describes something a country built that the indicators do not capture. The source provides the published number; the mechanism is our interpretation.

Scores describe outcomes. These records describe how a country acted, what it needed and what happened. 742 of 742 records include a mechanism. They do not affect scores.

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3 of 742 deliveries

Adaptability

1 delivery linked to Disaster preparedness and recovery.

Venezuelasince 2021delivered and closedbears on Disaster preparedness and recovery

COVID-19 vaccination campaign

Venezuela's health authorities reported to WHO that 22,157,232 people, 78 per 100 population, had received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose by 29 December 2023, from a first dose given on 22 February 2021, with 14,287,370 (50 per 100) completing the primary series.

22,157,232 people, people vaccinated with at least one covid-19 vaccine dose, 2023-12-29. 50 per 100 population, people who completed the primary series (last dose), 2023-12-29. World Health Organization, COVID-19 dashboard vaccination data (vaccination-data.csv), retrieved 2026-10-01.

The move, and what it needed

Venezuela's health ministry ran a mass COVID-19 campaign through its public clinic network and mass vaccination points, and reached a majority of the reported population with a first dose within three years.

Preconditions

  • A public clinic and community network able to run mass vaccination points nationwide
  • Population registers good enough to count who received a second dose, which the drop-off suggests were weak
  • A supply of doses large enough for a national campaign, however obtained

Where else it has been used: Cuba (cub-covid-vaccination) ran a campaign on domestic vaccines with a much higher completion rate; the Venezuelan case shows the first-dose reach a centralised network can deliver and the follow-up it cannot.

Limits: The figures are Venezuela's own reports to WHO (DATA_SOURCE 'REPORTING'), with no independent coverage survey behind them, from a government whose routine immunization data WHO and UNICEF grade as lacking accepted empirical support (see ven-pai). The per-100 rates divide by a population estimate that is highly uncertain after the emigration of millions of Venezuelans, so the 78 and 50 could be off in either direction. The 28-point gap between first dose and completed series, and boosters at 2 per 100, show a campaign that stalled after first doses; the record is a partial delivery, not full protection. The VACCINES_USED field is empty, so the record cannot show which products were used or whether each held WHO emergency use listing, and the source does not show where the doses came from, so the record evidences distribution only. Vaccination is a response to one shock, not proof of general preparedness, and the file was last updated in December 2023. The source is a CSV with no prose; the numbers are read from one row.

Building

2 deliveries linked to Large project delivery.

Venezuelasince 2011still operatingbears on Large project delivery

Gran Misiรณn Vivienda Venezuela's five-million-home milestone

Venezuela's Gran Misiรณn Vivienda Venezuela reported delivery of its five-millionth home on 7 June 2024, with the programme saying that community self-construction supplied 75% of its construction in the preceding four years.

5,000,000 homes, homes delivered by gran misiรณn vivienda venezuela, 2024-06-07. 75 % of construction, reported share of construction through self-construction, 2024-06-07. Radio Nacional de Venezuela, report on the GMVV five-million-home milestone, retrieved 2026-08-31.

The move, and what it needed

Venezuela used a central housing mission to aggregate land, materials and public construction while shifting more of the build into community self-construction. A national target and local delivery groups linked a large capital programme to household-level participation.

Preconditions

  • A central land, finance and materials pipeline that can allocate housing projects across regions
  • Local organisations able to manage community construction and verify beneficiaries
  • A housing registry and inspection process that can track units from allocation through occupancy and maintenance

Where else it has been used: Community self-build can extend a state housing programme when it is backed by material supply, technical supervision and a beneficiary registry; without those controls, a headline unit count can conceal unfinished or unoccupied stock.

Limits: The cumulative total is reported by Venezuela's state broadcaster and does not establish independent verification, construction quality, occupancy, maintenance, location, tenure security, cost or whether every unit was newly built rather than rehabilitated. The 75% self-construction figure is a programme claim, and the source supplies no audited project-level cost or schedule data.

Venezuelasince 1980operating below its peakbears on Large project delivery

Programa Ampliado de Inmunizaciones, and its erosion

WHO and UNICEF estimated Venezuela's national DTP3 coverage among one-year-olds at 50 percent in 2025, down from 87 percent in 2015, and coverage has not returned above 66 percent in any year since 2017.

50 % of 1-year-olds, estimated dtp3 coverage among 1-year-olds, 2025. 87 % of 1-year-olds, estimated dtp3 coverage at the 2015 peak, 2015. World Health Organization, Global Health Observatory: DTP3 immunization coverage among 1-year-olds (WUENIC), retrieved 2026-10-01.

The move, and what it needed

Venezuela's health ministry ran a free national schedule through public clinics and held DTP3 near or above 80 percent for most of 2009 to 2016; when national procurement of vaccines and syringes failed during the economic collapse, the ministry kept the programme formally in place while coverage fell to around half of infants.

Preconditions

  • Hard-currency budgets and procurement able to keep vaccines and syringes in national stock
  • A clinic network staffed by vaccinators who stay through a crisis
  • Population denominators accurate enough that a fall in coverage is seen before an outbreak reveals it

Where else it has been used: Haiti shows the same erosion from stockouts and weak reporting; Venezuela adds that a fall can sit inside a denominator change for two years before an outbreak (measles in 2017 to 2019) makes it visible.

Limits: Construct fit is borrowed, not literal: DTP3 coverage is not the cost or schedule performance of an infrastructure project. It is filed here only on the bra-pni precedent, which EVIDENCE.md names as the reversal template (hti-immunization-erosion files the same kind of series under disaster_preparedness instead); a reviewer holding to the literal construct should reject it. The 87 percent peak is a single good year in a volatile series (50 in 2008, 87 in 2005 and 2015), and the WHO/UNICEF 2022-revision country profile (https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/country-profiles/immunization/2023-country-profiles/immunization_ven_2023.pdf) says the 2015 rise was 'due in part to a change in the population source', so part of the drop is a denominator artefact. Estimates rest on Venezuelan administrative reports with no nationally representative survey in the last five years; WHO/UNICEF graded recent years as having no accepted empirical data, and values are revised between rounds (2022 was 56 in the 2022 revision and 43 now). The same profile records national vaccine and syringe stockouts from 2016 to 2020, which locates the failure in supply rather than in the programme's design, but the series cannot separate economic collapse, emigration of health workers, sanctions-era procurement limits and denominator error. DTP3 is one antigen. PAHO separately documented that endemic measles transmission was re-established in Venezuela in 2018 and interrupted again in 2019 (https://journal.paho.org/en/articles/comprehensive-approach-achieving-reverification-measles-elimination-venezuela-2019-2023), which supports the erosion but is not part of this metric.