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All deliveries

Peru, coordination

Obras por Impuestos, firms financing public infrastructure

Peru's Obras por Impuestos scheme lets private firms finance public projects against future tax liabilities; the finance ministry recorded S/5.504 billion in certificates issued from 2009 through January 2024 and six projects identified as physically and financially complete in 2024.

Perusince 2009still operatingbears on Public-private collaboration

5,504,000,000 Peruvian soles, certificates issued through obras por impuestos, 2024-01. 6 projects, projects identified as complete in 2024, 2024. Ministry of Economy and Finance, Obras por Impuestos detailed report, retrieved 2026-08-31.

The move, and what it needed

Peru let companies propose and finance public works and recover the cost through tax certificates, creating a bridge between private capital and local public priorities while the state retained project approval and service ownership.

Preconditions

  • A tax-credit and certification framework that makes private investment legally recoverable
  • Public authorities able to identify, appraise and accept projects without turning the scheme into a private wish list
  • Transparent project registers and technical supervision so a completed work can enter public service

Where it travelled: Tax-linked infrastructure finance travels to countries with capable revenue authorities and uneven local capital, but Peru's experience shows the need to track the public service and lifecycle cost, not only certificates issued.

Limits: Certificates and completion counts show the scale of a tax-linked financing mechanism, not whether projects were additional, delivered on time, well maintained or distributed fairly. The ministry compiles project information from public systems and companies; the scheme shifts financing and execution roles but does not remove public responsibility for selecting, regulating and operating the asset.

This record describes what Peru delivered. It is linked to Public-private collaboration because no comparable dataset measures that capability. It does not affect the score or confidence.

More from Peru

3 other deliveries from this country.

Every delivery from Peru

The same gap elsewhere

27 deliveries linked to Public-private collaboration in other countries.

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    Kenya's central bank let a phone company build a national payments system in 2007 and supervised it into ubiquity, and by June 2026 Kenya had 94.2 million registered mobile money accounts and 572,104 agents, in a population of about 55 million.

  • Dual-track vocational training

    Switzerland runs most upper-secondary education through firms: of 218,259 students enrolled in vocational education and training in 2020, 90.6 percent, 197,782, were apprentices trained inside companies under federal law.

  • Itaipu Binacional, the treaty-built power system

    Brazil and Paraguay built and operate Itaipu through a treaty-based binational entity, which reached 14,000 megawatts of installed capacity and has supplied both countries since the first unit entered operation in 1984.

  • Economic Planning Board, long-run industrial coordination

    South Korea's Economic Planning Board operated from 1961 to 1994 as the government body responsible for economic development planning and budget planning before its functions moved through later finance ministries.

  • SNIG, universal individual cattle traceability

    Uruguay required producers to register every calf in a national traceability system from 2006, and by October 2011 the registry covered 100 percent of the herd, 11.75 million live cattle, while identification tags reached more than 45,000 producers each year.

  • Social and Economic Council, the institutionalised polder bargain

    The Netherlands established the Social and Economic Council (SER) by law in 1950, giving employers, trade unions and independent Crown-appointed experts a standing forum for social and economic policy; the current council has 36 members and collective agreements cover more than 84 percent of employees.

  • Top Sectors and mission-driven innovation policy

    In November 2023 the Netherlands renewed its mission-driven innovation compact: businesses, knowledge institutions, governments and other organisations committed an estimated €5.7 billion a year, coordinated through five missions and eight Knowledge and Innovation Agendas.

  • iDEAL, interoperable online payments through Dutch banks

    The Netherlands built iDEAL as a shared bank-connected online payment rail; in 2024 it processed 1.47 billion payments worth €141 billion, almost matching the €147 billion spent through debit cards at the point of sale.

  • eHerkenning, a public-private business identity framework

    The Netherlands developed eHerkenning with commercial identity providers so businesses could use one trusted login across public services; in 2024 the framework recorded 1,140,751 authentication means and 639 connected organisations.

  • Digipoort, an electronic post office for government–business data

    The Netherlands runs Digipoort as a central gateway that receives, validates and routes secure messages between businesses and public agencies; in 2024 it handled 75,433,353 messages, including a channel with 3,075 connected organisations for financial and social reporting.

  • ChileCompra, a national public-procurement marketplace

    Chile runs Mercado Público as a shared e-procurement platform; in 2024 it transacted US$17.643 billion through 2,031,670 purchase orders involving 110,255 participating suppliers.

  • Start-Up Chile, a public accelerator for global startups

    Since 2010, Start-Up Chile has supported more than 2,500 startups from Chile and abroad through an equity-free public accelerator that connects founders with investors, mentors and corporates.

  • SECOP II, a transaction platform for public procurement

    Since March 2015, Colombia Compra Eficiente has used SECOP II to move public contracting from publication to online transactions; in 2024 the platform managed COP117.642 trillion, 84.4% of the value managed across the three SECOP platforms.

  • FONAFIFO Payment for Environmental Services

    Costa Rica's FONAFIFO Payment for Environmental Services programme paid contracts covering 208,089 hectares in 2024, disbursing ₡9.234 billion while using public, donor and market-linked finance to keep private land in forest uses.

  • SRI electronic invoicing at economy-wide scale

    Ecuador's tax authority received approximately 3.299 billion electronic receipts from January through December 2024, using a legally mandated, digitally signed rail that connects private taxpayers to the public tax system.

  • Crédito de Desarrollo Humano for beneficiary-led businesses

    Ecuador's Ministry of Economic and Social Inclusion reported delivering 44,622 Crédito de Desarrollo Humano loans in 2024, including 6,622 to Indigenous people, turning a social-transfer registry into small-enterprise finance and market-access support.

  • Ruta PY02 public-private road concession

    Paraguay's public-works balance records the Ruta PY02 duplication and expansion as a 149.5-kilometre public-private partnership, awarded under the 2013 APP law with a USD 507 million construction contract and a concession running to 2046.

  • Vaca Muerta unconventional energy build-out

    Argentina's energy ministry reported that Vaca Muerta supplied 54.9% of national oil output and 50.1% of national gas output in December 2024, within a year in which national oil production reached its highest level since 2003 and gas its highest since 2006.

  • Palapa Ring national fibre network

    Indonesia delivered the three-package Palapa Ring fibre network to connect 57 kabupaten/kota; the communications ministry reported average utilisation of 54.35% in 2024, with the western, central and eastern packages carrying different loads.

  • JENDELA national digital-network plan

    Malaysia's JENDELA Phase 1 connected 7.74 million premises with fibre by 2022, above its 7.5 million target, and raised 4G coverage in populated areas to 96.92% through a regulator-led programme delivered with telecommunications providers.

  • PromptPay national instant-payment rail

    Thailand's central bank and commercial-bank network have run PromptPay as a shared instant-payment rail since 2016; by December 2024, 87.5 million proxy numbers were registered and average daily volume reached 66.4 million transactions, with a one-day peak of 89.2 million in September.

  • Kit Digital SME digitalisation programme

    Spain's Red.es Kit Digital programme used public grants, volunteer representatives and private digitalising agents to help small firms adopt software and online services; by 3 August 2026 the programme reported 1,566,846 transformation projects delivered by 10,727 agents, 96 percent of them ICT SMEs.

  • Baltic Pipe gas interconnection

    Poland's Gaz-System, Denmark's Energinet and Norway's Gassco coordinated the Baltic Pipe cross-border gas corridor; the interconnection launched on 1 October 2022 and reached its target technical parameters by November, allowing up to 10 billion cubic metres per year toward Poland.

  • Swish mobile instant payments

    Sweden's six-bank-owned Getswish consortium built Swish into a national mobile payment rail: in 2023 it served just over 8.7 million private users and about 335,000 merchant or business users, processing approximately 977 million payments worth SEK 480 billion.

  • National Broadband Plan rural fibre rollout

    Ireland's National Broadband Plan combined commercial investment with a state intervention contract for rural areas covering more than 560,000 premises; by October 2024 the government reported over 102,600 premises connected to the National Broadband Ireland network.

  • UAE Pass, the shared digital identity layer

    The UAE Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority reported that UAE Pass had 6.84 million registered users accessing more than 15,000 digital services from government and private-sector providers in 2023.

  • Guatecompras, the national procurement marketplace

    Guatemala's Ministry of Finance reported 152,676 enabled Guatecompras users in April 2023, including 137,950 registered suppliers alongside public buyers, auditors and oversight bodies using the national procurement system.

Every delivery under coordination